So I hooked up the belt and have the same issue, vibration above ~1500 rpm. I'm starting to think it may be an alignment issue or something to do with the mounting, it runs smooth as silk to ~2500 rpm without the belt and only vibrates a little at max 3000rpm.
I'm using the cast pot metal mount that came with the motor and when I play around with alignment it seems to move the vibration up and down in the rpm range. It's probably worth the effort to build a better mount with fine adjustment.
I'm also using a timing belt arrangement, maybe switching to v-pulleys with a round belt would be better?
John