Okay. I'll get some more pictures today. The head-stock drive is comprised of a double groove v-belt approximately 3" OD. It's my understanding that the belts are intended to go down through the bed and into the cabinet where the jackshaft and motor would live. There is no opening in the back of the head-stock for belts to pass through.
I did some browsing on eBay last night and found several DC motors for about $100 that could potentially be mounted under the bed. Using a 2" OD pulley on the motor would bring it down to a max speed of 1100rpm at 90v DC. With a double pulley and almost 180 deg of belt wrap, I should think that this arrangement would be suitable provided that the motor develops sufficient torque.
I know that I'm a long way off from getting this lathe up and running, but I want to have a plan for how to power it before I put too much time into repairs. If I can't run it, selling as a whole will be difficult and I may need to resort to selling it for parts.