OK, AR, I have a question. With no buffer loaded at all, I get a jamming problem. A single shell will fire, and the next fails to ramp into the chamber, but end up fairly vertical, and bent by the return of the bolt. Is that because of too much spring in the bolt assembly, or because I don't have the spring and buffer in?
I have several AR's and a dedicated AR-22 as well.
22 does not need a buffer or spring, but they are there to keep the 22 bolt in the most forward position when it's in battery.
Without the buffer and spring the bolt is not going back in battery and moving back and forth. The bolt frame shouldn't move at all.
If you were to use the lower without the buffer and spring you need to use a plug. Spike's Tactical sells one.
If you are swapping uppers back and forth between a regular AR15 and your AR22 upper, there is no need to mess with the lower parts. You shouldn't have to swap springs out for 22 either. A plain carbine buffer and spring or H,H2, etc will work just fine.
The buffer tube should not have been moved or removed to just swap uppers.
It should be tightened to about 20-40 ft-lbs. And stake it.
The buffer tube holds the pin in.
If you need to change buffers or springs, just push the pin down and pull the buffer out.
The buffer detent spring is needed to keep the buffer back so that you can remove the upper from the lower. Without that spring tension the pin drops and the buffer would sit too far forward to open up the lower and upper. The buffer would act as a wedge.
I run a taccom reliability kit on mine, and it comes with a plastic/delrin type of pressure plug that goes between the buffer and the bolt and keeps pressure on it.
Here is where I got mine.
http://www.taccom3g.com/22RF_RELIABILITY_KIT.html
I also have a sort of custom rear stock that uses the recoil to fire in a sort of full auto fashion. It's all in pieces, so have to figure out how it is supposed to work. I think the rearmost section slides forward during recoil and when it returns under spring pressure, releases the sear. It's said to be legal.
Sounds like a bump fire stock. Several companies make em. I would look around and see which kit you have.
The two most popular kits are Slide Fire and Fostech DefendAr-15.
I had the DefendAR-15 kit. Really nice and almost all aluminum. The Slide Fire is plastic/polymer.
I hope that helps.