OK. First off, I must have misread something that you wrote earlier, because the lathe that I have shares only a few generic parts with any Atlas lathe made before mid-1957. Plus, the first Atlas designed and built QCGB didn't come out until about 1947. O'Brian did make some after-market QCGB's that fit the Atlas and Atlas-Craftsman lathes but as far as I know, Atlas did not at least officially sell them.
Let me interject here that "101" was or is the Sears Contractor Code for Atlas. So the Atlas-built parts for any of the 12" lathes that Atlas built for Sears all had part numbers beginning with "101.", If your lathe was built around 1940 and has Timken spindle bearing instead of babbit ones, it is almost certainly a modified 101.07403. Modifications were probably the longer bed and the O'brian QCGB.