Nice looking machine. The lead screw is also missing. Not sure that any lathes were ever built and released deliberately not able to thread, but I suppose that can't be ruled out. Otherwise, perhaps a previous owner had trouble with it, and started a repair. Or perhaps was unable to obtain proper repair parts.
It reminds me of an American I used to have. Mine was 1913 built, so I'm thinking maybe yours is 10's-20's.
Be sure and keep us up on your progress, and anything you find out about it.