Looking at your data sheet, it appears to be straight shunt. There is an "interpole" connection internally but no leads to the outside. "Shunt" is the original word for what is now considered "Parallel". It simply means the field is connected "in parallel" with the armature. This is the most
speed stable configuration.
There is no need for a regulated power supply. The
technology predates Tesla's AC current, dating back to Edison's original DC power. This is just a modern implementation. Most modern "consumer" grade devices such as treadmills and winches use DC motors with a permanant magnet field. The permanant magnet eliminates the need for field windings or connections. There is the possibility of mechanical shocks causing loss (damage to) of the field. And the inability to drive the motor above base speed. Your motor eliminates many of those problems.
What you have is a step above such machines, albeit somewhat more powerful. It can provide power for a machine tool such as a lathe or milling machine, with speed control from virtually naught to slightly above rated speed. Starting with:
http://www.hudsontelcom.com/uploads/ShopElex.pdf
will provide some
basic information. The bibliography has several more references that will take you further. By then, you would have enough knowledge to look for detailed information. Little math is needed, you are looking for hookup information, not engineering.
For basic connections with base speed with no speed control, use the 120 volt single phase power available from any residential service. Take a line from the breaker to a (2 pole) 30 Amp switch and then a rectifier. I usually use a "block" or bridge rated at 40 Amps and 600 volts even for low power, low voltage applications. They're dirt cheap(<$10) and simple to use. I would recommend 30 Amp wiring and breaker. 120 volts AC will yield some 150 volts DC. I originally included directions for 240 volts, but that would have been slightly above the top of the envelope. You will eventually reach the point where a 240 volt feed is needed. But there will be some elements between the power and the motor.
Motor connections are: L1=A1+F1. L2=A2+F4. F2+F3 are tied together and insulated. It is highly recommended there be a diode connected
reverse polarity across L1 and L2. When the motor is powered down, it becomes a generator. The power provided as a generator can seriously damage the controls as the motor spins down. This is where "dynamic braking"(DB) is applied as you learn more. For now, a shunt diode connected backwards will suffice.
The brushes are critical to operation. They don't need to be checked every day or even once a week. They are a long life component. They, however,
must be maintained above minimum length. As well as the commutator
must be smooth with a light chocolate color. Use of a "canvas wipe" makes a huge difference following stoning. The brush rigging must be protected from dust and chips. Any pitting of the comm is indicative of serious trouble.
I could "lecture" for months on DC motors, how to apply them and control them. I won't get into it here because even
this text is getting extensive.(and boring) But fully understanding the subject involves a lot of study of DC. Such is, today, considered mostly "archaic" knowledge reserved for college level DC engineering theory. I'm an "old school" scholar, having learned DC when I enlisted (at age 17) and was sent to a ship built in the 1940s. Having a
very basic knowledge of DC motors when I enlisted provided some insight into the archaic systems of old ships. What I missed not going to high school was made up from working with the machines.
.