As a last resort break the insert, carbide inserts are extremely fragile and easily broken.
Many insert holders. (not yours however) that are clamp down have a hex socket on both ends of the screws allowing one to insert a hex key from the bottom of the holder. Kennametal often does this, the holder has a right hand thread and the clamp has a left hand thread, the screw that passes through the inserts center hole also has a hex socket on the back end, this will be a RH thread.
Good luck
And yes, I have had occasion to break an insert in order to free it from the holder.