I have run the carriage off the rack when using the lathe without the gap. I just pushed the carriage back to the right until the gear re engaged with the rack. No problem.
As far as replaceable gaps,I think if the gap bed lathe was of better quality,like the Lodge and Shipley was,the gap would be replaceable with no trouble. I was just lucky that mine went back perfectly. Things should not be that way. If the lathe is supplied with a gap,it OUGHT to be replaceable. This is a problem with cheap imports. They do not take the trouble to remove their gaps and adjust them at the factory to fit back in place. I guess you get what you pay for. Certainly a high quality American made lathe would have been way out of most guy's reach back in the day(or today! A Hardinge was $65,000.00 when they stopped making them?)
I am wondering if the fact that most modern Asian lathes have induction hardened ways is contributing to the problem of the gap pieces moving a bit when released?
I do not know if you can use the carriage to get close enough to the spindle to do very short work if you can't replace the gap. You could not with my 16" lathe. Notice the Lodge & Shipley had moved the cross slide to the left to help it get the compound closer to the spindle without the gap piece in place.
As I mentioned,English style lathes have the carriage handwheel on the right hand side of the carriage so the rack can still be engaged even without the gap piece in place(if there was a gap piece).