Negative rake for the tool mounting will help the clearance and the chatter. Aluminum cuts very easily, and the pics show little stickout of the bar from the tool holder. I suspect that rubbing is the issue, sometimes rubbing sounds like chatter, deal with that before changing anything else. TiN Coated inserts are not usually recommended for aluminum because of metal sticking. Unless you are threading at high speed, you should not have welding issues with that setup. Personally, I would use a boring bar with a HSS tool for that job, sharp and with plenty of rake, clearance, and relief.