With no pictures, I'm going to take a guess here. I assume the dog broke right at the release knife notch, this is the most common failure point, and is kind of a shear pin to keep other parts from breaking on a jamb up.
The major components are:
The dog
The dog spring
The hub that the dog slips into
The release knife
And the trip rod.
There are one or two other extension springs depending on the press.
Normally all you have to do is pull the flywheel, take out the broken parts, slip the new dog and dog spring in, put the flywheel back on and you're ready to run again.
The dog should be very free in the hub, if it binds, then normally a little filing on the edges is all it takes.
I hope this helps. If you have more questions, please ask away.
Oh, and keep your body parts out of the working areas of the press, they do a fine job of severing fingers and crushing hands.
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