Even without an oscilloscope, I think it is possible to figure out phase lags using voltmeter relative to a temporary artificial measurement "ground" made from three equal value resistors with a common middle connected to real earth. Choose values which will not get smoking hot! It is just a measurement. 1mA or or so is enough. This in addition to measuring floating voltages phase to phase. It does involve then drawing phase diagrams triangles to discover the phase angle lags.
The same 3-resistor trick can let you use a 2-Channel oscilloscope. Make any one phase the "reference", and then check the second and third phases relative to it. This is what my mind is telling me. Properly, I should be trying it out before I write such stuff, but I don't have one of those around. It is what I fully expect to happen if I were to try it.