Good point. The first thing you need to know is what the spindle internal taper is...some fit right into the spindle
The spindle threads do not matter here, only the spindle internal taper.
Indeed, Brino, I had completely forgotten about collet chucks, mostly due to the OP's request for using R8 collets. I am pretty sure there are no R8 collet chucks to go on lathe spindle threads for sale. My other point was that R8 collets are held in place with a 7/16-20 drawbar, so no stock can go through the collets. If the work cannot go through the collet then the hollow spindle is of no use.Not quite true Bob.
Adapters like these:
http://www.bealltool.com/products/turning/colletchuck.php
http://www.bealltool.com/products/turning/bigchuck.php
screw onto the lathe spindle threads and allows use of collets.
I posted a whack of info about them here:
http://www.hobby-machinist.com/threads/is-there-a-definitive-article-on-collets.36227/#post-308310
If you do have a hollow spindle then long work can extend thru that hole.
I have never used R8 tooling.
-brino
We are looking for an internal spindle taper, not internal threads. What brand and model lathe is it?There are no internal threads. The lathe spindle that the chuck screws onto is a 2 1/4-8TPI external thread. The chuck itself has the internal threads or taper. I don't know if such an adapter exists. Just thought that I could use them if they did.