Joe Martin's book, Tabletop machining. Yes, written to showcase the Sherline, but for the purpose you describe, none better from a master craftsman. The only downside is, if you don't have a Sherline, you'll want one. (I don't own one, but it's clear that for tabletops, they're pretty solid.)
What you really want to do is read absolutely everything you can get your hands on. Old apprentice training manual, high school shop books from the 40s, etc. I'd guess 80% of my library (which is at least 40 feet long) is pre 1950.