Well, the lathe is back up and running and looks good. However, I am experiencing a large amount of chatter. Before I disassembled everything for the rehab I would get chatter on mild steel bar when I tried to take a cut deeper than 10 thousandths. Now it seems to chatter even on lighter cuts. To troubleshoot the problem I tightened the gibs on the compound rest, cross slide, and carriage and locked the carriage and tried light facing cuts on mild steel bar mounted in the new 3 jaw chuck with short stick-out and still experienced chatter. The only thing left (I think) unfortunately are the spindle bearings. I also found the large spindle bearing with the snap ring did have some drag in a few places after I removed it and checked it after I removed it from the spindle. I bit the bullet and ordered a new set of spindle bearings. It'll be a few weeks before they arrive so I'll post an update after they arrive and are installed.
While discussing with Scott Logan, he said the end bearing cap should have a one to two thousandth gap between the end bearing cap base and the headstock casting when the three retaining screws are tightened. That's what makes sure the bearing snap ring is pressed firmly against the headstock and the outer race is pressed firmly against the inside surface of the end bearing cap. If I don't have that gap I'll use either shim stock or have the end bearing cap base milled.
So, Murphy showed up at what I thought would be the end of this project.
The bearings that were on the spindle are:
Front: New Departure 5207 W (Inner Race) 45507 Bearing Shield (Other Side)
The "4" was marked with an engraving tool.
Rear: New Departure 43206 (Inner Race) Shielded Bearing 77506 (On Shield)